The Soviet Union became the ruling power in the early 1920s and expelled Mohammed Alim Khan. This includes most of Tajikistan, the southwest corner of Kyrgyzstan, the northeast corner of Afghanistan, a long narrow portion of western Turkmenistan and about half of Uzbekistan. The documentary also indicates that access to Ai-Khanoum is currently tricky, and must be coordinated with the Afghan military; the site itself is also difficult to physically reach, as it's basically an island amongst the rivers that converge around it, depending on seasonal fluctuations. I even had to create the Dev-Kesken Wikipedia article, which previously didn't exist (my first time creating a brand-new page there).
The mysterious domed structures at Bozai Gumbaz. East of Bactria lies one of the most inaccessible, solitary, and unspoiled places in the world: the Wakhan Corridor.
Oxus, forgetting the bright speed he had So, there you have it: my humble overview of the history of a region ruled by rivers, empires, and treasures. [citation needed] In Vedic Sanskrit, the river is also referred to as Vakṣu (वक्षु). (You may also have noted that the Zeravshan river and the Sogdian cities are missing from my custom map of the region). The Uzboy splits off from the main channel just south of the river's delta.
Cheers! [28] After its extirpation, the Darya's delta was suggested as a potential site for the introduction of its closest surviving relative, the Siberian tiger. However, much like the documentary, I'll be continuing the journey further upstream to the (contested) "source of the Oxus". The abundant water flowing in the Amu Darya almost entirely comes from glaciers in the Pamir Mountains and Tian Shan,[10]
I would love to someday set my own two feet upon the well-trodden paths of the Oxus realms, and to see these crumbling testaments to long-lost g-ds and kings for myself. Also like other sites, parts of the fortress date back to the 4th century BCE. The river rises in two headstreams in the Tian Shan Mountains in Kyrgyzstan and eastern Uzbekistan—the Naryn River and the Kara Darya which come together in the Uzbek part of the Fergana Valley—and flows for some 2,212 kilometres (1,374 mi) west and north-west through Uzbekistan and southern Kazakhstanto the remains of the Aral Sea. BTW, very impressed with your knowledge of the area without, it seems, ever visiting. Tamerlane and the Jews, By Michael Shterenshis, Page xxiv. Although the Wakhan river valley has never been properly "civilised" – neither by ancient empires nor by modern states (its population is as rugged and nomadic today as it was millenia ago) – it has been populated continuously since ancient times. In the current era, visitor access to Takhti Sangin is somewhat more relaxed than is access to the Bactrian sites further downstream (mentioned above) – there appear to be tour operators in Tajikistan running regularly-scheduled trips there – but this is also a sensitive border area, and as such, access is controlled by the Tajik military (who maintain a constant presence). I write a travel guide about Central Asia and since your page pops up high in Google when searching for Kampyr Tepe, I thought I'd let you know to insure the maximum number of people get the right info! The river is formed by the confluence of the Vakhsh and Panj (Pyandzh) rivers (at which point it becomes known as the Amu Darya) and flows west-northwest.
While this is certainly an interesting hypothesis – and while it's true that there hasn't been nearly enough excavation or analysis done in modern times to rule it out – the evidence and the expert opinion, as it stands today, would suggest that Adams's hypothesis is wrong. However, most of these ruined sites enjoy far less fame, and are far less well-studied, than comparable relics in other parts of the world. Brimming, and bright, and large: then sands begin which, standing above the surrounding arid plain, collect atmospheric moisture which otherwise would probably escape somewhere else. So for me it also has a fairytale-ish quality. Aral Sea boondaries are c. 2008. It's also the site furthest upstream on the Oxus, for which there is significant evidence to indicate a Greco-Bactrian presence. Balkh is believed to have been inhabited since at least the 27th century BCE, although most of the archaeological remains only date back to about the 4th century BCE. Of the area drained by the Amu Darya, only about 200,000 square kilometres (77,000 sq mi) actively contribute water to the river. Oxus, forgetting the bright speed he had Next in line downstream is the Panj river, which begins where the Wakhan and Pamir rivers meet. Apart from Sogdiana's prominence in Silk Road history, and its impressive and well-preserved architecture, the relative safety and stability of Uzbekistan – compared with its fellow Oxus-region neighbours Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Afghanistan – has resulted in the Sogdian heartland receiving the attention it deserves from the curious modern world.
the part of Bactria upstream of modern-day Balkh province) separately here, primarily to maintain structure in this article, but also because this farther-flung part of the realm is geographically quite rugged, in contrast to the heartland's sweeping plains. The Oxus is the largest river (by water volume) in Central Asia. It flows west to Ishkashim where it turns north and then north-west through the Pamirs passing the Tajikistan–Afghanistan Friendship Bridge.
A foiled circuitous wanderer: — till at last [3], In classical antiquity, the river was known as the Ōxus in Latin and Ὦξος (Ôxos) in Greek — a clear derivative of Vakhsh, the name of the largest tributary of the river. [8] Right for the polar star, past Orgunjè, The Oxus river, and Arnold's poem, fire the imaginations of the children who adventure with ponies over the moors of the West Country in the 1930s children's book The Far-Distant Oxus. It's likely that the plateau at Balkh was indeed ancient Bactra; however, this has never been conclusively proven. [17] One southern route of the Silk Road ran along part of the Amu Darya northwestward from Termez before going westwards to the Caspian Sea. In ancient Afghanistan, the river was also called Gozan, descriptions of which can be found in the book "The Kingdom of Afghanistan: a historical sketch By George Passman Tate".[2][3]. The Qaraqum Canal, Karshi Canal, and Bukhara Canal were among the larger of the irrigation diversions built. A name used by Greek, Mongol, Chinese, Persian, Jewish and Afghanastan historians. To hem his watery march, and dam his streams, The Soviet Union became the ruling power in the 20th century. Into the frosty starlight, and there moved,
(I mean - he thinks that after the sea rose after the ice age it descended again?). I'm being more polite than I'd be about him in conversation!
The site is certainly under-studied and under-visited, considering its distinctive landscape and its once-proud history; however, it is remote and difficult to access, and I understand that this Uzbek-Turkmen frontier area is also rather unsafe, due to an ongoing border dispute. Congratulating you on writing this fascinating article. Like the Oxus, the present-day Jaxartes also peters out before reaching the Aral; and since these two rivers were formerly the principal water sources of the Aral, that sea is now virtually extinct.
The ruins themselves are in good condition, especially considering the violence and instability that has affected the site's immediate surroundings in recent history. This part of the river was the Bactrian heartland in antiquity. The river's total length is 2,400 kilometres (1,500 mi) and its drainage basin totals 534,739 square kilometres (206,464 sq mi) in area. I recently watched an excellent documentary series called Alexander's Lost World, which investigates the history of the Oxus region in-depth, focusing particularly on the areas that Alexander the Great conquered as part of his legendary military campaign. Historians tell us that one of the most ancient names for the Oxus or Amu in ancient Afghanistan was Jayhan. Being the place where a number of very tall mountain ranges meet – among them the Pamirs, the Hindu Kush, and the Karakoram – the Wakhan has often been known as "The Roof of the World". Today, Merv is one of the largest and best-preserved archaeological sites in all the Oxus region, although most of the visible ruins are medieval, and the older ruins still lie largely buried underneath.
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