In April 2009, the heads of states gathered for an IFAS summit, where they produced a joint statement emphasizing the importance of IFAS as well as the need to improve its organizational structure. The riparian countries should re-negotiate the structure and composition of the BWOs. Moreover, the location of both of the BWO for SDR and ADR basins is in Uzbekistan, staffed with Uzbek specialists. [5] Uzbekistan made efforts to lower its dependence on cotton to reduce the amount of water being used for irrigation. See more ». This agreement was reached in order to emphasize the need for joint actions in addressing the problems of the Aral Sea in general. Военная энциклопедия Сытина (Санкт-Петербург, 1911-1915).jpg, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Syr_Darya&oldid=344388526, Uses of Wikidata Infobox providing interwiki links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [1] One way is IFAS and ICWC dealing with the overall macro-level water resources, management, and funding decisions. Basin-wide problems arise from each country narrowing in on own its national interest to develop its economy. The analysis of the data collected still remains inadequate. The SDR passes through the very northern part of the Tajikistan. [6] As aforementioned examples provided, the presence of non-state actors is somewhat suppressed by state control. [2]. When water and energy issues are detached from each other, the dispute will be almost impossible to resolve.
However, several obstacles exist in the region. [2] Such actions will exacerbate the ecological status of the basin and exacerbate existing tensions between the countries. The riparians, particularly Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, need to be more open towards including the international donor and expert groups in their dialogues. The other major river in the basin is the Amu Darya River (ADR). As a result, data from the year 2000 revealed that approximately 28% of the irrigated lands suffer from high salinity levels.
How can packages or options that link issues creatively or build on possible technology innovations be employed to create non-zero sum choices within negotiations that include water resources?
By the 1990s they managed to reduce cotton production to about 30% of the total irrigated land, substituting with other crops like wheat and vegetables. [5], After independence, the downstream countries ceased providing oil, coal, and gas which left the country no other option but to increase its water discharge during the winter to produce more hydro-electricity. [5] Based on the objectives of ASBP-3, a set of criteria has been agreed upon to make decisions on which projects will be included in the program. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the. For Kyrgyzstan the SDR is the heart of the country. Though this may be a post-Soviet legacy, the governments have not been very friendly with opinions from locals and non-state actors, particularly the environmental activists and civil society. [2]. Kyrgyzstan then came up with an interesting interpretation of water within the framework of its own domestic laws. for the academic world: for school, primary, secondary, high school, middle, technical degree, college, university, undergraduate, master's or doctoral degrees; Based on water sampling of the upper reaches of the Syr River and its tributaries from the parts of Aral Sea Basin in Kyrgyzstan, the chemical compositions of river waters were systematically analyzed for revealing the hydrochemical characteristics and evaluating the water quality. To prepare for and minimize the impacts from reduced water discharge from the upper streams, Kazakhstan built the Koksaray reservoir which is located just upstream of the Aral Sea. Initially, the organization was intended be a regional organization, but in reality the organization is under the influence of the national water agencies. Explore Source of the Syr Darya River in Namangan, Uzbekistan as it appears on Google Maps and Bing Maps as well as pictures, stories and other notable nearby locations on VirtualGlobetrotting.com. [5] There are still many more to come, as the country is planning to build more than 200 small hydropower plants with the purpose of meeting the energy needs of smaller rural villages. The list of criteria is as follows: After an extensive consultation processes with the experts and international donors, 45 projects were selected and are part of the ASBP-3. As an international approach to river management, the report from the conference suggested that: [2], "Water should be equitable and sustainably allocated, firstly to basic human needs, and then to the functioning of ecosystems and different economic uses including food security.”, "Water can promote regional cooperation. In addition, the riparian countries have a trust issue, their distrust amongst each other has deterred them from making progress in water governance. Facilitate a true commitment of the republics in restoring the river basin. [5] Therefore their main interests are to produce enough energy for domestic use as well as exporting hydro-electric energy to other countries. Map of Jaxartes or Syr Darya Jaxartes or Syr Darya (Hindi:(जगजार्टिस), Persian: سيردريا; Tajik: Сирдарё; Kazakh: Сырдария ; Arabic: سيحون; Uzbek: Sirdaryo), also transliterated Syrdarya or Sirdaryo , is a river in Central Asia , sometimes known as the Jaxartes or Yaxartes from its Ancient Greek name Ἰαξάρτης. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Local Environmentalist Groups and Civil Society, While the role of environmentalist groups and NGOs is growing in the four riparians, the governments have routinely silenced critics of environmental issues and activists. This is a giant online mental map that serves as a basis for concept diagrams. Eyeberenov, S., Cao B., Li F. (2009). [2] The agreement on water energy resources in the SDR basin suffers from durability, failing to into account fluctuations of water availability, be it extremely low or high levels of water availability. Explore Source of the Syr Darya River in Namangan, Uzbekistan as it appears on Google Maps as well as pictures, stories and other notable nearby locations on VirtualGlobetrotting.com. One of the newly built power plants began its operation in November 2010. Kazakhstan’s role is still important in the upstream/downstream dynamics in the region.
Like Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan today suffers from a severe energy deficit. [6]. Google Play, Android and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc. Syr Darya and History of the central steppe, Syr Darya and Russian conquest of Central Asia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. How can packages or options that link issues creatively or build on possible technology innovations be employed to create non-zero sum choices within negotiations that include water resources? The Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, Central Asia's lifelines. [2], Despite Kyrgyzstan's obvious increase in agriculture, the main and perhaps more central dispute was on other uses of water, primarily the use of water in winter for the Kyrgyzstanis to produce hydroelectric power. [1] The river begins from the Tien Shan mountain in Kyrgyzstan and passes through Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, the southern part of Kazakhstan, and enters the Aral Sea. The SIC has 14 branches and is responsible for creating the information base, supporting and carrying out programs for water conservation.
The operations of reservoirs and irrigation canals significantly intercepted the river discharge from the upper streams, causing a sharp decline in the river discharges in the middle and lower reaches of the Syr Darya River in 1973. The diversion of water for agriculture from the SDR almost equals its annual inflow. Such cooperation across internal and international boundaries should be intensified as a means to share the upstream and downstream benefits.”.
Micklin P. (2000). Contributed by: Jungwoo Chun (last edit: 14 May 2014).
(2003). The objective of the third phase of ASBP (ASBP-3) is to improve the environment by: So far, 335 project proposals have been received by EC IFAS. The Syr Darya is a river in Central Asia. However, the SDR Basin is a less pressing concern for Kazakhstan when compared to the problems in the Ili-Balkhash Basin.
Who should ultimately be given the authority to make decisions on the institutional reform and come up with a mutually agreeable enforcement mechanism? [4], As indicated in the table above, the allocation and the water usages are not equal for the riparians. It is crucial to find some mechanism that will more effectively and efficiently replace the former Soviet subsidy and barter system. [5] The Tajik government is in serious disputes with Uzbekistan concerning the construction of the Rogun Dam. [2], In the Soviet Era, water distribution and the usage of water were not a source of conflict between the current republics. Reviving the ecological health of the SDR Basin is their top priority. A number of opportunities exist to improve the situation in this basin.
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