demetrius siege of athens
And whatsoever answer he shall please to give them, the people shall comply with it.
He was free to enjoy the company of any of his comrades in exile who wished to join him, and a number of people contrived to visit him from Seleucus’ court; they brought encouraging messages, urged him to keep up his spirits and hinted that as soon as Antiochus arrived with Demetrius’ daughter Stratonice,115he would be set free. Then, in chapter 12 of the work, Plutarch describes how Demetrius Poliorcetes was given honors due to the god Dionysus. 29. In the prologue to the pair, which immediately precedes Demetrius, Plutarch introduces Demetrius and Antony as ‘men who conducted themselves in a rather unreflecting way’ and who became ‘conspicuous by their misconduct’, and presents them to his readers as examples of men not to imitate. Then, through Seleucus’ good offices, Demetrius was reconciled with Ptolemy, and it was arranged that he should marry the king’s daughter, Ptolemaïs. 23. His features combined charm and seriousness, beauty and a capacity to inspire fear, but hardest of all to represent was the blend in his appearance of the eagerness and fire of youth with a heroic aspect and an air of kingly dignity. Antigonus went inside, sat down by his side and felt his pulse. He not only drove Cassander out of Attica but pursued him as far as Thermopylae. At the age of twenty-two he was left by his father to defend Syria against Ptolemy the son of Lagus; he was totally defeated in Battle of Gaza, but soon partially repaired his loss by a victory in the neighbourhood of Myus. Whoever first conceived the idea that there is a parallel between the arts and our bodily senses seems to me to have grasped one fact very clearly, namely that both possess a power to make distinctions which enables us to perceive opposites, both on the physical and on the aesthetic plane.
20. In Plutarch’s period, tragedy – and the theatre more generally – were often associated with pompousness, pretension, falseness and ‘theatricality’.
For they gave him the rear part of the temple of the Parthenon for his quarters, and there he lodged throughout his visit. He then deployed his land forces in extended order along various headlands which jutted out into the water, and put to sea with a hundred and eighty ships. He put a tax on soap to raise the money.[2]. Of all the many outrages and abuses which Demetrius committed at this time, the one that most angered the Athenians was his action in commanding them to levy immediately the sum of 250 talents for his services. Until then nobody had even seen a ship of fifteen or sixteen rows of oarsmen, although it is true that at a later date Ptolemy Philopator97 built a vessel of forty rows of oarsmen, which was 420 feet long and 72 feet high to the top of her stern. He insisted on being abundantly supplied for every eventuality, he had an insatiable ambition to embark upon larger and larger projects, whether in shipbuilding or the construction of siege-engines, and he took an intense pleasure in watching the workings of these creations. He then surrounded the fortress of Munychia with a trench and a palisade, thus cutting off its communications with the rest of the city, and sailed against Megara, where Cassander had also stationed a garrison.
The reference is to Plato’s picture in the Republic of how a brilliant, aristocratic man, if not educated properly and if exposed at too early an age to flattery, will grow up unstable and obsessed with fame. It was this fact more than any other which delivered Alexander into Demetrius’ power, as he hesitated to take precautions for fear of provoking a similar action on Demetrius’ part; but in the event, he was the first to suffer the fate he had intended for his enemy, because he delayed taking steps to prevent the other from escaping. His remains were given to Antigonus and honoured with a splendid funeral at Corinth. Athens revolted against his rule, and Demetrius began a siege (287), but soon agreed to a peace that re-established Athenian democracy (which lasted for about twenty years).
At the start of Plutarch’s Life, his penchant for riotous living does not affect his statesmanship. Athens was at this time oppressed by the tyranny of Lachares - a popular leader who made himself supreme in Athens in 296 BC - but Demetrius, after a protracted blockade, gained possession of the city (294 BC) and pardoned the inhabitants for their misconduct in 301.
At any rate, there is a story that when Demetrius was still only a boy he had asked his father at what hour he intended to break camp, to which Antigonus retorted roughly, ‘Why, are you afraid that you will be the only man who does not hear the trumpet?’. But he was by nature imperious and disdainful of others, and as overbearing in his words as in his actions, and he therefore exasperated many young and powerful men and provoked them to act against him: he boasted that he would scatter the alliance they had formed with a single stone and a single shout, as easily as one scares away a flock of birds from a field. Diodorus covers the years from Alexander’s death up to just before the battle of Ipsus in his Books 18–20, but his account of the period after this survives only in fragments. So far Seleucus had behaved with the utmost courtesy, but he also requested Demetrius to cede Cilicia to him in return for a sum of money, and when Demetrius refused he angrily insisted that Tyre and Sidon should be handed over to him. For after he had made the crossing from Cyprus, he would not allow his ship to approach the land. His son Antigonus offered all his possessions, and even his own person, in order to procure his father's liberty. 52. However ‘there are some things even hotter than fire’,31 as Aristophanes puts it, and there was another Athenian whose servility eclipsed even that of Stratocles. When daylight came, he found that Seleucus was pressing him hard, and so he sent one of his officers to the other wing, while he drove back the one that faced him. The people excused Cleomedon from this penalty, but they also passed a resolution that no citizen should ever again bring a letter from Demetrius before the assembly. She demanded a price of 250 talents. Following the victory Antigonus assumed the title king and bestowed the same upon his son Demetrius. He took Athens again in c. 295, and was able shortly afterwards to intervene in Macedonia, which after Cassander’s death in 297 had been rent by civil war and was now facing invasion by Pyrrhus, king of Epirus. After several campaigns against Ptolemy on the coasts of Cilicia and Cyprus, Demetrius sailed with a fleet of 250 ships to Athens. He is the subject of one of Plutarch’s Lives. Her countenance grows fairer, fills with light, She turns away and shrinks to nothingness.101, This image seems even more apt to describe the fortunes of Demetrius, as they waxed and waned, and appeared at one moment at the full and at the next dejected.
Henceforth, she gave up all hope, and in her bitter resentment of a destiny which seemed to be far more consistent in adversity than in prosperity, she took poison and died. 12. Demetrius the Besieger offers the first historical and historiographical biography of Demetrius Poliorcetes (336-282 BC) to be published in English. Demetrius at the start endured the misfortune that had befallen him, and gradually became accustomed to it and learnt to put up with it more easily.
When Megara was captured20 and Demetrius’ troops were about to plunder the city, the Megarians were only saved from this fate because the people of Athens pleaded strongly on their behalf. 16. Hieronymus of Cardia almost certainly supplied the basic historical narrative; parallels between Plutarch’s account and that of Diodorus are probably to be explained by their both having used Hieronymus. While he was engaged in these operations, he remembered Stilpo the philosopher, a man who had become famous because he had chosen a life of tranquillity and study. The Athenians gained a short respite from their sufferings when a fleet of a hundred and fifty ships sent to help them by Ptolemy was sighted off the coast of Aegina. They even went so far as to pass a further decree to the effect that whatever thing Demetrius might command in future should be regarded as holy in the sight of the gods and just towards all men.
One of them he named Demetrius after his brother, the other Philip after his father. Among his creations were a battering ram 180 feet (55 m) long, requiring 1000 men to operate it; and a wheeled siege tower named "Helepolis" (or "Taker of Cities") which stood 125 feet (38 m) tall and 60 feet (18 m) wide, weighing 360,000 pounds.
He belonged to the Antigonid dynasty. At this, Thonis brought an action against him for the payment which she claimed was her due. Demetrius then embarked on his last adventure.
Immediately after the wedding, Demetrius set himself to win over the cities of Ionia.
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